A Letter From Hackers: Thanks for Multifactor Authentication |
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Written by Aiden Michaels
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Wednesday, 19 September 2007 |

The FFIEC requirement for Multifactor Authentication was designed to make online banking more secure, one analyst says it's making things worse.
At DefCon (an annual gathering of security professionals and hackers) security researcher Brendan O'Connor presented several scenarios in which online banking security has gotten worse. As of last year banks were required to comply with the FFIEC guidelines to provide multi-factor authentication.
Designed to help combat phishing attacks, O'Connor shraed some insight as to why, with all these new safeguards in place, phishing sites are still operational today.
"The guidance specifically says that transaction fraud and identity
theft are a problem, and it places the blame squarely on
authentication," said O'Connor. "I disagree with that entire premise."
He pointed to the "three strikes--you're out" rule with most Web
applications. Guess the wrong password and you're locked out until you
get on the phone to someone. "Attackers aren't getting in by guessing,
they're getting in by stealing the credentials or tricking the end-user
into giving away the credentials." So adding more credentials won't
make sites more secure.
Senior Manager of Information Security and Technology
for a Regional Bank & Webmaster for Bankwide.com
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One example given by O'Connor is that Paris Hilton chose the question
of "What is the name of your favorite pet?" - A simple google search
can reveal that to anyone attempting to access her online information,
and did. Does this process introduce a false sense of security?
Another example cited by O'Connor - "What is your favorite city?" - a
user ID of cubfan98 probably chose Chicago. Also the answer to
publicly available records such as mortgage ammounts or the year that
you graduated high school are also poor choices for security questions.
Personal images provide no better security. Many online
banking systems say that if you can see the correct image, then you are
on an authentic site or that you are not on a phishing scam site. A
quick look at the code of the page reveals the ALT tag problem.
"The language they are using is so strong and the system is so simple
to bypass, I was just amazed when I saw it." O'Connor said several very
large banking sites are currently using one commercial image file
system. They're disguising the actual user request to get a particular
image, which is good, but they're also leaving the HTML Alt-tag in
plain text, which is bad."
"I looked at about a dozen different institutions. In every one I
looked at, the Alt-tag for one image had a 100 percent correlation
across all intuitions that it was the same picture. So Nature &
Animals picture #123 on Bank A was the same as Nature & Animals
picture #123 on Bank B, C, D, E, and F." O'Connor said as a phisher, "I
can not only impersonate the bank, now I know that this user ID uses
this image, so there's obvious ways for misuse there."
Computers are not individual. Another factor used by many
multifactor companies is device "fingerprinting". This factor assumes
that all computers are different, like snowflakes. If the provider has
fingerprinted your machine, then you can bypass the image and question
authenticaions automatically.
"Every Dell, or HP, or IBM that comes off the line comes with the OS
preload and the software preconfigured; every one has the same
fingerprint."
In a simulated phishing attack, O'Connor was able to capture the
so-called unique information from one computer and paste it into the
Javascript request on another system. This allowed him to receive a
persistant cookie, a file that would allow his return at a later time
and bypass multi factor authentication and enable them to conduct any transaction on
behalf of an internet banking user.
O'Connor used the analogy of placing more security guards at the front
door, stating that managers don't just want to know who is coming into
the business, but what they are doing while they are in there.
Coming up on Bankwide - What you can do to strengthen your online banking security....
Inspiring Article: http://reviews.cnet.com/4520-3513_7-6762995-1.html
Security Bites Podcast: http://www.news.com/
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Last Updated ( Tuesday, 15 April 2008 )
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There are vendors who has pitched in without realising that what they claim is incorrect, and bank's security people are bought into it may be because of pressure from top. Multi-Factor has many facets and it has definitely made the window of exposure to minimum for a well thought and implemented Multifactor Products.